The French preposition en is nearly always used directly in front of a noun with no article, or after certain verbs. Practice proper usage of en versus dans.
Uses of en Before a Noun
En can mean any of the following.
Location
- il est en prison - he is in jail
- j'habite en banlieue - I live in the suburbs
Time (en vs dans)
- en août - in August
- en trois jours - in three days
- en semaine - during the week
To do something like or as
- Je te parle en ami - I'm speaking to you as a friend
- Il agit en enfant - He's acting like a kid
Means
- voyager en train - to travel by train
- rentrer en taxi - to return by taxi
Condition or appearance
- être en bonne santé - to be in good health
- être en guerre - to be at war
- être en pyjama - to be in pajamas
Transformation
- traduire en français - to translate into French
- se déguiser en... - to disguise oneself as...
- transformer une salle en bureau - to change a room into an office
Material
- un pull en laine - wool sweater
- une maison en brique - brick house
Verbs With en
The French preposition en is required after certain verbs when they are followed by a noun.
- agir en to act like / as
- avoir confiance en to trust
- casser en (morceaux, trois) to break in(to) (pieces, two)
- se changer en to change into
- convertir (quelque chose) en to convert (something) into
- couper en (deux, cinq) to cut in (two, five pieces)
- croire en to believe in
- se déguiser en to disguise oneself as
- écrire en (français, ligne) to write (in French, on line)
- mesurer en (mètres) to measure in (meters)
- se mettre en colère to get mad
- se mettre en route to set out
- partir en (guerre) to leave for (war)
- partir en (voiture) to leave by/in (car)
- traduire en (français) to translate into (French)
- transformer qqch en (qqch) to change s.t. into (s.t.)
- se vendre en (bouteilles) to be sold in (bottles)
- voyager en (train, taxi) to travel by (train, taxi)